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The Eurasian
Collard Dove is related to a number of dove species in Asia. It is a medium-sized dove with an average
length of 13 in from tip of beak to tip of tail, with a wingspan of
19–22 in, and a weight of about 4–8 oz. It is gray to pink-gray with a bluish under wing patch. The
tail feathers are gray above, and dark gray and tipped white below; the outer
tail feathers are also tipped whitish above.
It has a black half-collar edged with white on its neck which gives it
its name. The legs are short and red and the bill is black. The iris is red, but from a distance the
eyes appear to be black. A small area
of bare skin surrounds the eye. The
two sexes are very close in appearance; juveniles do not show a developed
collar, and a brown iris. The subspecies.
This dove does not migrate but is disperses
readily. During the 20th century, it
has been one of the great colonizers of the bird world, traveling far beyond
its native range to colonize colder countries, becoming a permanent resident
in several of them. Its original
range at the end of the 19th century was warm temperate and subtropical Asia
from Turkey east to southern China and south through India to Sri Lanka. In 1974, about 50 Eurasian collared doves
escaped from the Bahamas and spread to Florida, and is now occurs
in most of the United States and Mexico.
Eurasian collared doves are known carriers of the parasite Trichomonas
gallinae as well as pigeon paramyxovirus
type 1. Both Trichomonas
gallinae and pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 can spread to native
birds at feeders and by predators feeding on doves. Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 is an emergent disease and has the
potential to affect domestic poultry, making the Eurasian collared dove a
threat agriculture and native bird
biodiversity.
Nesting occurs close to human
habitation wherever food resources are abundant and there is protection from
predators. The female lays two
white eggs in a stick nest, which she incubates during the
night and which the male incubates during the day. Incubation is about 14 to 18 days. Breeding occurs throughout the year depending on available food
and local climate.. Three to four broods per year may occur. This species is monogamous and parental
care of young birds occurs.
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